THE IMAGE OF CLERGYMAN IN UKRAINIAN SATIRICAL-HUMOROUS LITERATURE OF THE 18TH CENTURY AND WEST EUROPEAN «LOW» LITERATURE
Journal Title: Наукові праці. Серія "Філологія. Літературознавство" - Year 2016, Vol 277, Issue 265
Abstract
Beginning with the 12th century «low» literature appears in West European literatures. Genre variations of this subculture in national literatures (French fabliau, German schwanks, English jests) functioned in different chrono-logical bounds, but genre and stylistic peculiarities, problem and subject spectrum, conceptual and esthetic criteria ideological focus were the same. Historic and cultural situation in Ukraine marked the absence of the «low» literature as it is, but the works of low baroque have a lot in common with West European patterns on the thematic level as well as on the poetics level. It helps to trace typological ties of native laughter literature with West European «low» one in particular on the level of comparative tematology. Unfortunately the comparative studies of Old Ukrainian literature are still held not enough. Anticlerical themes are general for all given patterns. Priorities of the mentioned imageologi-cal dominant during a lot of centuries all over Europe demonstrate the folk protest against the representatives of clergy and the church itself. Asynchronous functioning of these genre modifications helps to track the evolution of protest mood against the church in general and clergymen in particular. So, in fabliau, the genre existing in the Middle Age, greediness, longing for illegal enrichment are being activelycriticized. But it is not regular. Unworthy deeds of clergy are given as sporadic. Anticlerical motives in the schwanks acquire the resumptive character, the criticism spreads all over the social stratum. Such a mood in the schwanks is caused by a prevalent atmosphere of a German society before and during the Reformation. Spread of anti-Catholic moods and popularization of Anglicanism called forth the criti-cism of clergymen in the English jests. In the low baroque the specificity of Orthodoxy causes the crushing criticism not only of the clergy, but also the friars. The given comparative analysis allows to say that the mentioned national modifi-cations form a regional literary community.
Authors and Affiliations
O. Sydorenko
Keywords
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