The Isolation of Koi Herpesvirus from Ornamental Fish Imported into The Sultanate of Oman: Implications for Biosecurity
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS) - Year 2019, Vol 12, Issue 1
Abstract
A health survey was carried out to investigate the prevalence of gill ectoparasites and infectious viral agents in consignments of ornamental fish imported into the Sultanate of Oman. A total of 81 imported goldfish, Carassius auratus, were sampled from three pet shops situated within the Muscat governorate and examined for parasite infection. In addition to these, a further 119 ornamental fish from consignments originating from Thailand, Singapore and Taiwan were subjected to virological examination. Ornamental fish species including Carassius auratus (n =83), Cyprinus carpio (n = 5), Siluriformes (n = 4), Piaractus brachypomus (n = 3), Puntigrus tetrazona (n = 4), Hypostomus plecostomus (n = 2), Astronotus ocellatus (n = 4), Trichopodus trichopterus (n = 12) and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (n = 2) were selected. Pooled samples of spleen, kidney and liver were tested for the presence of Koi Herpesvirus (KHV) and Iridovirus (IV) following standard OIE PCR protocols. The results obtained revealed that 97.53% of the goldfish had parasitic infections and 51.31% in Omani native freshwater fish within this, 83.95% had Dactylogyrus (Monogenea), 58.02% had digenean metacercariae, and, 11.11% had Trichodina (Peritricha). Of the pooled fish samples tested for KHV, 2 of the 25 samples tested positive. Sequence analysis of representative PCR products showed 100% genetic homology with the complete genome of cyprinid herpesvirus strain KHV-GZ11 (qi/647842001/KJ627438.1). The virus was detected in asymptomatic goldfish from two pet shops, originally imported from Thailand. The broad host range and pathogenicity of KHV highlights an emerging biosecurity risk. Moreover, new regulations on the importation of live aquatic animals should be studied and established including assessment of health certificate, establishment of quarantine practice and inspection of ornamental fish consignments.
Authors and Affiliations
Wafaa Al- Rawahi, Myong Ae Park, Gilha Yoon
Keywords
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