The Principles of Plato's State Policy Justice
Journal Title: Вісник Житомирського державного університету імені Івана Франка - Year 2017, Vol 83, Issue 1
Abstract
The article analyzes the sample of the ideal state of Plato the philosopher, built on the principles of justice. It was found that for the realization of the idea of a just state, he visited Sicilian tyrants three times. When travelling to them, Plato often got into the dramatic situations that put his life into a danger. His relationship with the head of the main Greek city of Sicily called Syracuse developed extremely hard. Going to Sicily and Syracuse, Plato was not naive in politics. That is, he knew where he was going, he knew what unbridled power it was, he knew of corrupted people and of men abusing their power and wealth. Plato, thinking that he would be able to implement, so to speak, an utopia but, referring to the term ''utopia'' in highly positive, not the negative sense of the word, after the execution of his teacher Socrates went exactly to Syracuse in Sicily which at that time was ruled by a tyrant Dionysius the elder. Plato tried to convince Dionysius with his philosophy and ideas about justice. He wanted to prove that tyrants were the poorest of courage among all, and then turned to the justice and expressed the opinion that only the life of righteous people was happy, while unfair were unhappy. And of course, the thoughts of Plato about tyrannical power offended Dionysius the Elder, saying that everything which was in favor of the tyrant was not well only if the tyrant was lacking the justice. Angry tyrant first wanted to execute him but changed his mind. Therefore, Plato was escorted by a guard to the assembly of people, but he did not say a word, ready to accept all that was waiting for him. And then it was decided not to execute him, but to sell him into slavery as a prisoner of war. Later, Plato’s friends bought him. However, in 367 BC Plato for the second time went to Syracuse in Sicily, and the story of the Sicilian tyrants repeated. As a result, he was again forced to return home. In 361 BC Plato came to Sicily for the third time. In his last trip to Syracuse, Plato was arrested and jailed. He was able to be released only because of an intervention of his great friend - Tarentum Archytas. After that, Plato wasn’t into any of public affairs.
Authors and Affiliations
R. P. Shmat
Keywords
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