THE PROCESS OF SEPARATION AND INDIVIDUATION AS THE RISK FACTOR IN PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONS WITH PHYSICAL DISABILITIES
Journal Title: Journal of Special Education and Rehabilitation - Year 2007, Vol 8, Issue 1
Abstract
The process of separation and individuation is a developmental psychological process, which takes place at various phases of child development within his first three years of life. These phases include the Normal Autistic Phase, the Normal Symbiotic Phase, the Separation-Individuation Phase (with sub-phases Differentiation, Practicing and Rapprochement, On the Way to Object Constancy) and the Final Separation and Psychological Birth of the Human Infant. Undisturbed transition through the developmental phases leads to the establishment of psychological structure in the human infant, which means that he reaches autonomy and independence, thus becoming an individual. For children which were born with physical disabilities and have their intellectual capacities preserved (i.e. in cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy etc.), the fulfilment of this process is endangered, because their development was stuck at the Normal Symbiotic Phase due to two types of factors. The first group represents factors of physical disability (i.e. impossibility to move, obtain independent experiences and, consequently, the inability to detach from the Object), while the second group represents reactions to this hindrance (i.e. overprotection, which further thwarts attempts to detach from the Object).
Authors and Affiliations
Simona R. OZHEK| Centre for Education and Rehabilitation of Physically Handicapped Children and Adolescents Kamnik, Slovenia
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP7761
- DOI -
- Views 398
- Downloads 19
DOES FATHER INVOLVEMENT INFLUENCE THE AFFECT, LANGUAGE ACQUISITION, SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT AND BEHAVIOR IN YOUNG AUTISTIC CHILDREN? AN EARLY INTERVENTION STUDY
The present study adopts a randomized experimental design to evaluate the impact of a father-mediated therapy to improve the play skills, affect, language, social skills and behavior among 30 clinically diagnosed autisti...
INCLUSIVE EDUCATION OF BLIND AND VISUALLY IMPAIRED PUPILS IN SLOVENIA
Introduction: In the last years, the demand to include children with special needs in the mainstream kindergartens and schools in Slovenia has grown. This brought with it the need for changing the role of the special sch...
MULTIPLE DISORDERS IN PEOPLE WITH MILD AND HARD MENTAL RETARDATION AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON PSYCHOMOTOR ORGANIZATION
The issue of the multiple disabilities is as old as the existence of the man. But the awareness of the problem about existence of the people with multiple disabilities and also finding the methods, means and ways of tui...
MEDICAL AND EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM IN INSTITUTION WHICH TAKES CARE OF SEVERE AND THE MOST SEVERE HANDICAPPED PEOPLE
Presentation of experiences, before all, from practical point of view in providing certain programmes for development ( economic, educational, cultural and medical ), is the basic substratum of this paper. The experience...
DYNAMICS OF THE COMPELEX FORMS OF VISUAL PERCEPTION IN CHILDREN OF PRE-SCHOOL AGE (A NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS)
Introduction: Experimental data in preschool aged children proves the determining role of the auditory and visual processes for future reading skills, therefore the investigation of complex forms of visual perception in...