The Relationship Between Cardiovascular Diseases and Thyroid Hormones
Journal Title: Anatolia Cor - International Heart Journal - Year 2024, Vol 2, Issue 2
Abstract
Among the main targets of thyroid hormone is involvement in the cardiovascular system. Thrombosis associated with the cardiovascular system is associated with hyperthyroidism, while hyperlipidemia is associated with hypothyroidism. This hormone directly affects myocardial contractility. The hormones triiodothyronine [T3, (3,5,3′-triiodothyronine)] and thyroxine [T4 (3,5,3′,3′,5′-tetraiodothyronine] make up the thyroid hormones. They are closely related to metabolic events in the body. They play a role in regulating basal energy utilization through carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism. In terms of cardiovascular disease, T3 and T4 have effects on coronary arteries. They increase systolic arterial pressure by modulating vascular smooth muscle cells and vascular tone. Hypothyroidism is a thyroid dysfunction characterized by a decrease in metabolic functions due to insufficient levels of thyroid hormone or its inability to fulfill its function. Hypothyroidism is characterized by high TSH levels and low T4 levels. Clinical hypothyroidism is associated with systolic hypertension and lipid abnormalities. It causes lipid abnormalities, limiting the function of hepatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase in adipose tissue. However, it also causes an increase in cholesterol synthesis. Differences in myocardial remodeling occur in thyroid deficiency. It commonly leads to extracardiac organ dysfunction. Hyperthyroidism is a clinical thyroid dysfunction characterized by elevated thyroid hormones. High levels of T3 and/or T4 are found despite low levels of TSH. Patients with subclinical hyperthyroidism have a higher risk of CVD such as coronary artery disease and heart failure. Excess thyroid hormones increase cardiac output and affect stroke volume and heart rhythm. In this review, we will briefly discuss the relationship between cardiovascular events and thyroid hormones.
Authors and Affiliations
Yasemin Hacanlı
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- EP ID EP742655
- DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13309715
- Views 32
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