The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of obesity
Journal Title: Advances in Hygiene and Experimental Medicine - Year 2014, Vol 68, Issue
Abstract
Obesity is a disease that develops as a result of long-term positive energy balance. In recent years, the influence of gut microflora composition, as a potential factor affecting the energy balance and contributing to fat accumulation, has been studied. It seems that bacteria can affect host energy balance through several mechanisms, such as increased fermentation of undigested polysaccharides and obtaining extra energy from the portion of food, reduced expression of FIAF (fasting-induced adipocyte factor) in the enterocytes with inhibitory activity towards intestinal lipoprotein lipase, and the increased release of peptide YY that slows the intestinal motility.It is also believed that changes in the composition of gut microflora may be one of the factors that induce systemic microinflammation in the obese, an important link in the pathogenesis of obesity related complications, including dyslipidaemia, hypertension and type 2 diabetes. However, the results of previous studies are inconclusive. Many of them have been carried out in an animal model and were not confirmed in studies involving humans. These discrepancies may be due to different composition of the diet, distinct physiological gut microflora and the methodology used in these studies.The present article reviews the current literature on the potential role of gut microflora in the pathogenesis of obesity.
Authors and Affiliations
Agnieszka Żak-Gołąb, Magdalena Olszanecka-Glinianowicz, Piotr Kocełak, Jerzy Chudek
Replication of hepatitis C virus in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with pegylated interferon alpha and ribavirin
Introduction: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a primarily hepatotropic virus, but hepatocytes are not the only localization of its replication. It is still unclear if extrahepatic HCV replication, measured as the detection of...
Antimicrobial peptides in asthma pathogenesis
Antimicrobial peptides exhibit activity against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. They have been described not only as endogenous antibiotics but also as immune modulators with an impact on innate and adaptive imm...
Neurobiological fundamentals of posttrumatic stress disorder – a possible role of circadian rhythms deregulations
Posttraumatic stress disorder is a complex anxiety disorder induced by a stress factor. It is believed that this fear conditioning impairment may be crucial to PTSD development. Stress induced electrophysiological and ne...
Prokaryotic expression systems
For overproduction of recombinant proteins both eukaryotic and prokaryotic expression systems are used. Choosing the right system depends, among other things, on the growth rate and culture of host cells, level of the ta...
Reptile-associated salmonellosis as an important epidemiological problem
Salmonellozy stanowią poważny problem zdrowotny na całym świecie. Są najczęstszą postacią zatruć pokarmowych. Jednym z rezerwuarów zwierzęcych pałeczek Salmonella są gady, coraz częściej hodowane jako zwierzęta domowe. W...