The Role of Sonography for Diabetic Pregnancies
Journal Title: Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 8
Abstract
Gestational diabetes develops during pregnancy (gestation). Like other types of diabetes, gestational diabetes affects cells use sugar (glucose). Gestational diabetes causes high blood sugar that can affect pregnancy and baby's health. This paper was conducted so as to know the importance of ultrasound screening in the diagnosis of diabetic’s pregnancy, and also to detect the complications on pregnancy (on second trimester of gestation, the impact on fetal growth, fetal anomalies, fetal miscarriages and intrauterine fetal death). Ultrasound investigation was done using an Ultrasound machine GE Voluson 730 Ultrasound System. All Ultrasound images were B-mode ultrasound performed through the screening. This includes fetal growth, anatomy and physiology effects of Diabetics Disease interactive to the fetal. This study was about the effect of diabetics on fetal anatomy and growth detecting by ultrasound examination. This was a descriptive retrospective and prospective in quantitative an observational. Patients were divided through two sub groups.: Group (A) were 300 Diabetics singleton pregnancy ladies (No diabetic before pregnancy), 168 gestation diabetic (56%).with complications Group (B) included 160 diabetic singleton pregnancy ladies likely with Complications and risk factors. These divided into 108 singleton diabetic pregnancy ladies type (1) were (67.5%) likely with complications. And 52 singleton pregnancy ladies gestation type (2) were (32.5%) without complication. This study was done using data collection sheet. The result of this study revealed that majority of diabetic pregnancy ladies were in the 4th decade (75%). Correlation between Age and affection of diabetes or complications in pregnancy terms is strong significant (t=-0.492, P= 0.000). The correlation between pregnancy and diagnostic tools (Blood test with is parameters and Ultrasound scan of fetus in second trimester is strong significant correlation in diagnosis of complications appears on pregnancy terms. Various types of complications during diabetic pregnancy terms were revealed and most of loss of pregnancy showed increased also Amniotic Fluid Ratio (AFI) showed increase with diabetic pregnancy. The detection rate of congenital anomalies for diabetic women was significantly lower than that for the general population within the same institution (30% vs. 73%; P < 0.01). The diabetic women were more obese, with an average BMI of 29 kg/m2, vs. 23 kg/m2 in the non- diabetic group (mean body weight 78.5 kg vs. 63 kg). It is well known that obesity is significantly associated with poor ultrasound images17.That means increasing weight and obesity were high prevalence of diabetic pregnancy. Strong Significant Correlation between Diagnosis of Diabetic on pregnancy by AFI measurements and appearance of anomaly during scanning. Ultrasound Scan is more sensitive and specific versus AFI measurements in diagnosing of anomaly using (AFI) ratio. Strong Significant Correlation between Diagnosis of Diabetic on pregnancy by AFI measurements and appearance of anomaly during scanning. Ultrasound Scan is more sensitive and specific versus AFI measurements in diagnosing of anomaly using (AFI) ratio. These results were similar to many previous studies. The present study concluded that Diagnosis of affection of diabetic mellitus in pregnancy based on Lab investigation only is still a challenging problem, combination of Ultrasound screening in second trimester can provide additive valuable information helping in detection of abnormal finding during pregnancy period and improved diagnosis and thus reducing biopsies, the result of the study was in line with previous studies.
Authors and Affiliations
Fatima Omer Ahmed, Abu S Bakar Bello, Mina Mohamed Ahmed, MEM Garenabi, Ahmed Mohamed Elhassan, Amel Ahmed, H. Osman
Keywords
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