Thermodynamic s tudy o f a nionic surfactant Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate by ultrasonic me thod
Journal Title: International Journal of Scientific Research and Management - Year 2014, Vol 2, Issue 9
Abstract
Surfactants are larger volume chemicals used in detergents, household cleaning and p ersonal care products and to lesser extent in pesticides, herbicides, paints and plastics. Sodium dodecyl sulphate selected for the present study is an anionic surfactant whose head group is having a negative charge. It is highly effective surfactant and is used in any task re quiring the removal of oily stains and residues. Ultrasonic velocity measurements of SDS have been carried out at different temperatures (308°K to 323°K) to determine the CMC, soap - solvent interaction and various thermodynamical parameters. The density and viscosity of aqueous solution of SDS from 2mM to 14mM concentration are measured using 10 ml specific gravity bottle and Ostwald viscometer. Thermodynamic parameters such as adiabatic compressibility, Rao’s constant, Wada’s constant, van der Waal’s const ant, internal pressure, free volume, molar cohesive energy and Gibb’s free energy were computed. The internal pressure variation in aqueous solution of SDS is sensitive in ultrasonic parameters of molecular interactions either due to temperature variation or due to concentration variations. Various molecular interactions in these solutions have been analyzed on the basis of variation of above parameters and eventually emphasizing the possible molecular interactions in terms of structure making and structure breaking effects of SDS in water. The results show that the aqueous solution of SDS behaves like an ionic substance and acts as a structure maker at lower temperatures and becomes a structure breaker at higher temperatures. The critical micellar concentra tion (CMC) of SDS is estimated to be 10mM. SDS can be interpreted as an effective stain remover at higher temperatures and above CMC.
Authors and Affiliations
A. Gomathiyalini
Keywords
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