Transformation of the system of higher education in Ukraine in the conditions of the Bolshevik coup (1919–1920)
Journal Title: Педагогіка формування творчої особистості у вищій і загальноосвітній школах - Year 2018, Vol 60, Issue 1
Abstract
For a more effective reform of the system of higher education of Ukraine, the search for effective ways, methods, forms of its organization is very relevant. The study of the historical experience of construction of national higher education in the period of the formation of Soviet power, taking into account its positive and negative sides is valuable for solving this problem. The article analyzes and gives an integral picture of the state and transformations in the system of higher education in the conditions of the Bolshevik Coup (1919-1920) on the basis of analysis of scientific and historical literature, normative documents and archival materials. In particular, the cancellation of tuition fees; the abolition of «the rights and privileges granted to holders of diplomas after graduation from educational institutions» (right to honorary citizenship, class rank, benefits of joining civil or military service, etc.) and current scientific and academic degrees; introduction of the post of «teacher» (professor) and assistant (instead of laboratory assistant); creation of a «special body consisting of higher school commissars and representatives from teachers»; liquidation of state (final) exams; organization of preparatory courses for higher school. The emphasis has been made on the fact that carried out transformations were accompanied by numerous distortions that negatively affected the development of a new system of higher education and the functioning of the existing higher schools, such as: strengthening of the ideological component in the content of education; destruction of organizational and managerial structure; reduction of financing that generated a violation of the natural course of the organization of the educational process (in the form of reduced semesters) and led to a low level of theoretical training of students; decline of scientific work; impoverishment of professors and teachers staff, etc.
Authors and Affiliations
Т. М. КАЛІНІЧЕНКО
Keywords
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