Trójjedyny naród ruski czy odrębne wspólnoty narodowe?

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Trójjedyny naród ruski czy odrębne wspólnoty narodowe?

Journal Title: Przegląd Wschodni - Year 2014, Vol 13, Issue 50

Abstract

during the last few centuries, the Eastern slavs developed a feeling of belonging to a common tri-party, all-russia community – often referred to as “nation”. simultaneously not only the russians, but already in the 19th century the ukrainians, and later at the very start of the 20th century, the Belarusians, created their own modern national movements. the article is dedicated to explaining what type of character (the jist) the existing communities possess and to what degree their members identify with them (both all-russia and national). it is mainly based on research by the top sociological institutions in russia, ukraine and Belarus. the myth of the genesis of an all-russia community is based on the idea that russians, ukrainians and Belarusians come from a presumed ethnic and political community of Old rus’ (before the 13th century tatar invasion), sometimes called kievan rus’. the peoples of rus’ – expanding into ugro-Finnish territory in the first age of their existence – after adopting Orthodoxy and converting the normans into slavs (“slavization”), were treated as a united religious entity. thus, just the term “rus’ ” (from norman, originally meaning “normans and their lands”) did not possess ethnic-national dimensions, but, in time, rather connotations of the (Orthodox) Church. the creation of the concept, which in the 18th century would form a three-in-one rus’ nation, began one hundred years earlier. the creation of this thesis was made easier by the fact that the residents of Moscow, resulting from the activities of the clergy and royal administration, came to take on certain slavic traits, especially having accepted – similarly to other Christianized peoples – the slavic language (the liturgical language of the church). the idea of an ethnic (national) community of russians and ukrainians is often accredited to the ancestors of the latter. in 1674, innocent Gizel (of German origin, before he became an Orthodox Lutheran), archimandrite of the kiev Pechersk Lavra, is often attributed with the creation – or at least the inspiration – of a work of history (combining a few chronicles and annals), called synopsis for short, which called for all of ukraine to belong to the nation of the tsar, simultaneously introducing in the title of the book the term “slavic russia nation”, thereby uniting ukrainians with the inhabitants of the russian tsardom. the authority of the Muscovite tsars, according to the author of synopsis, originates from the kievan princes and thus ukraine should rightfully return under the reign of the Muscovite authorities. until the 18th century, the book had over 20 editions.

Authors and Affiliations

Ryszard Radzik

Keywords

ruski naród język

EP ID EP326577
DOI -
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