Unearthing the hidden dangers by soil borne diseases of nursery plants: A review
Journal Title: Environment Conservation Journal - Year 2024, Vol 25, Issue 3
Abstract
In agricultural production, soil transmitted diseases pose significant challenges, resulting in reduced crop productivity, increased production costs, and diminished yields. Environmental factors such as excessive moisture and nitrogen availability can give birth to and facilitate the spread of soil-borne diseases. Agricultural production can be significantly hindered by soilborne illnesses, particularly in the context of nursery operations. Even when employing conventional methods, they often provide challenges in terms of management. Furthermore, apart from viruses and plant parasitic nematodes, soil transmitted diseases can also be caused by fungal and bacterial pathogens, including oomycete and plasmodiophorid. Major soilborne fungal infections include the species Rhizoctonia, Sclerotinia, Fusarium, and Verticillium. Oomycete pathogens, namely Phytophthora and Pythium, play a vital role. Resilient continuation structures such as chlamydospores, melanized hyphae, sclerotia, and oospores enable many soil-borne fungus to retain soil for extended durations. Ralstonia, Pectobacterium, Agrobacterium, and Streptomyces are important soil-dwelling bacterial pathogens. Soil-borne diseases often endure for an extended period on the biological remains of the host plant, either as organic matter within the soil or as autonomous organisms. Different soil parameters, such as soil texture, type, moisture, pH, temperature, ecology, and nutrient levels, influence the activity of soil-borne diseases. This review article provides a concise overview of the primary soil borne pathogens, diseases, management strategies, and approaches to soil borne diseases in large-scale crop production. This includes the system-based application of asepsis practices, legal techniques, anaerobic soil disinfestation, resistant cultivars and varieties, grafting, soil solarization, bio fumigants, soil amendments, soil steam sterilization, plant nutrients, soil fertility, soilless culture, and biological and chemical control.
Authors and Affiliations
Reji Longjam, Amit Kotiyal, Vishal Johar
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP745675
- DOI https://doi.org/10.36953/ECJ.27352817
- Views 28
- Downloads 0
Effect of agricultural waste on nutritional composition of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus)
The oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) was cultivated on diverse substrates, encompassing wheat straw (T1), paddy straw (T2), groundnut leaves and straw (T3), sugarcane bagasses (T4), cotton stalk (T5), coconut husk...
In vitro management of Fusarium wilt of linseed using phytoextract, fungicides and bioagents
Fusarium wilts of linseed caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lini have been identified in nearly all linseed-producing countries of the world. A comparison of phytoextract, chemical, and bio control agents against Fusar...
Argyreia pilosa Wight & Arn.: An addition to the flora of Nashik district, Maharashtra, India
Within the northern Western Ghats of Maharashtra, Nashik district stands out as the most ecologically diverse region. It is situated within the latitudes of 19° 59' 50.8344'' N and 73° 47' 23.2908'' E. Locally, several p...
Ashwagandha's (Withania somnifera) potential effects on growth, intestinal histomorphology, and antioxidant enzyme activity in fingerlings of Catla catla (Hamilton, 1822)
The present work aims to examine the impact of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) on the developmental trajectory of Catla catla fingerlings. A 90-day feeding experiment was carried out using various concentrations of Ashw...
Evaluation of different management practices against yellow Sigatoka disease of banana (Musa spp.) caused by Mycosphaerella musicola Leach
Leaf spot or yellow sigatoka disease (caused by Mycosphaerella musicola) of banana causes significant yield loss as well as in quality of fruits in every year and reported up to 65% or even more under favorable epidemic...