USG Doppler Study of Uterine, Umbilical and Foetal Middle Cerebral Arteries Among Severe Pre-Eclamptic Women and their Relation to Perinatal Outcomes
Journal Title: International Journal of Anatomy Radiology and Surgery - Year 2016, Vol 5, Issue 2
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction: Pre-eclampsia is a condition in pregnancy characterized by the onset of hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation. This affects multiple organs in mother and also has a significant impact on the fetus. The extensive changes caused by pre-eclampsia result in complications leading to fetal jeopardy, such as placental abruption, fetal growth restriction, pre-term birth, respiratory distress and Intra uterine demise (IUD). The definitive treatment of pre-eclampsia is termination of pregnancy and initiation of treatment is crucial. Doppler ultrasonography (USG) is non-invasive and can be done along with the routine obstetric scans and is therefore considered safe and suitable for the study of blood flow alterations caused by severe pre-eclampsia. Not only would it serve as a predictive tool, it would also help plan subsequent management of the pregnancy, based on fetal health. Aim: To study the changes in uterine, umbilical and foetal middle cerebral arteries in severe pre-eclampsia, using Doppler ultrasonography and to provide basis for use of Doppler tests in directing treatment protocol of severe pre-eclampsia Materials and Methods: In this study, women with severe pre-eclampsia near term were selected based onset criteria and detailed history was obtained. USG Doppler was performed for each of the patients and the results were recorded. They were further followed till parturition to study the perinatal outcomes. Doppler study results and perinatal outcomes were considered together to find a correlation. Results: It was found that 21 out of 26 patients (81%) showed abnormal Doppler results and 19 out of 26 cases (73%) suffered from adverse perinatal outcomes. 5 of them (19%) had suffered from intra uterine demise (IUD). Uterine artery showed restricted flow in 6 cases (23%), umbilical artery showed reduced flow in 12 cases (46%) and foetal MCA showed abnormal flow in 20 cases (77%). Conclusion: There is a good correlation between doppler results and adverse perinatal outcomes and we have found that the umbilical artery flow velocimetry is the most sensitive to predict the same.A treatment plan can be initiated based on the findings to keep both mother and child safe.
Authors and Affiliations
K. S. Vedaraju, Suresh S Kanakannavar
Keywords
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