Варіабельність морфологічних і біохімічних ознак листків рослин роду Tilia L. в урбосередовищі [Variability of morphological and biochemical features in leaves of genus Tilia L. in urban ecosystem]
Journal Title: Наукові праці Лісівничої академії наук України - Year 2016, Vol 14, Issue
Abstract
In urban ecosystems plants accumulate phytotoxic compounds and stay during long time under physiological stress conditions. Plants of genus Tilia are highly sensitive to stress factors and have morphological plasticity of vegetative organs. The aim of this work is compare analysis of variability morphological features and biochemical profiles of phenolic compounds in leaves of 5 species of genus Tilia. Studies of morphological features and physiological condition had been implementing during 2015-2016 yr. Leaves of generative trees on Saksaganskogo str. (Kyiv) was sampled in first part of June and late August. As a control was used plants from collection of M.M. Gryshko National botanical garden. Phytochemical researches carried out on methanol extracts of leaves Tilia platyphyllos, Tilia begoniifolia, Tilia cordata, Tilia × europaea, Tilia tomentosa. Qualitative analysis of phenolic compounds was investigated by high-performance thin-layer chromatography method using system of solvents chloroform- acetic acid-methanol-water (v/v/v/v - 60/32/12/8). Degree assessment of leaves damages was carried out by Krasinskyi method. Determination of affected surface leaf area was implemented with using software Image Pro Premier 9.1. Reliability of averages differences was defined to least significant difference (LSD) p > 0,05. Correlation, regression and principal component analysis was performed in the software Statistica 7.0. In the article was shown results of variability analysis of morphometric parameters in leaves of five species of genus Tilia L. It was found that leaves area of investigated plants had close connections with width of leaf lamina (r = 0,98). In plants of T. platyphyllos Scop., T. × europea L., T. tomentosа Moench., T. begoniifolia Steven under vehicular pollution conditions was determined that ratio coefficient of lamina perimeter to area square root are increasing. This index is stabile for each species of Tilia. Its deviation from average value is an informative marker of deterioration plants general conditions. Morphological features of leaves genetically connected with phytochemical profiles of phenolic compounds. Their qualitative and quantitative composition allows carry out species identification and determine level of physiological stress and potential resistance of plant organism. Biochemical polymorphism of genus Tilia plants allows to use chromatographic profiles for chemosystematics. In leaves of urban plantations of genus Tilia L. was found increasing of phenolic compounds content in particular cinnamic acids and their conjugates. T. tomentosa was the most stable to certain morphological and biochemical markers under Kyiv conditions. The results of studies show new aspects of solving problem of hybrids origin, genus systematics and plant adaptation for habitats in processes of introduction and acclimatization.
Authors and Affiliations
Nadia Oleksijchenko, Artur Likhanov
Keywords
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