YIELD AND QUALITY OF SEEDS OF DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF WINTER WHEAT CROP DEPENDING ON AGRO CULTIVATION METHODS AND CLIMATE CHANGE CONDITIONS
Journal Title: Наукові доповіді НУБіП України - Year 2018, Vol 5, Issue 5
Abstract
One of the ways to increase the production of winter wheat is to use in the technology of growing high-quality grain. Parpose. To substantiate the optimal distribution of winter wheat in crop rotations which ensures the high and stable yield of seeds in conditions of increasing arid climate. Methods. The investigations were carried out on the non-irrigated lands of the Institute of Irrigated Farming according to the generally accepted methods in agriculture. Results. Different plumpness significantly affected seed yield. The largest was in the Ovid variety – 75,6%, which is connected with a higher weight of 1000 grains. In the Kherson 99 it was significantly lower - 69,9%. At the same time in the Ovid variety, it fluctuates in considerably greater limits and was the highest in 2015 – 84,0-87,3%. In the case with the Kherson 99 variety the seed yield was more stable over the years of research and less dependent on weather conditions. The location of the winter wheat crop rotation and the main cultivation of soil under its predecessors substantially affected the seed yield, but the differences in it were significant. The highest yield of seeds was provided by winter wheat of the Ovid variety- 3.77 tons/ha, while the Kherson 99 variety was 14,3% lower. Weather conditions also considerably influenced seed yield. In the wet 2015, its yield was the highest in all years of research and amounted to 4,04 tons/ha. In the Ovid variety, it was 4,62 t/ha, which is 1,16 t/ha more than in the Kherson 99 variety. In the three following dryer years the seed yield was 0,74-0,94 t/ha lower than the level 2015 At the same time, the yield difference between the studied varieties decreased to 0,17-0,33 t/ha. The location of wheat in crop rotation and the main cultivation of soil under the predecessors also significantly affected the seed yield. Seed yield was the highest at placement of wheat directly on bare fallow – 3,87 t/ha, and the lowest in linseed with flaxseed oil and winter rape – 2,94 t/ha. Plowing under the predecessors of winter wheat contributed to the formation of the highest seed yield – 3,38 t/ha, which is 0,25 t/ha higher than the option with a surface tillage, where it was the lowest. In the most damp 2015 and 2016, the mass of 1000 seeds was quite high – 45,5-45,8 g. The smallest weight of 1000 seeds was in 2018 – 35,0 - 39,9 g in the Kherson 99. In the Ovid variety it was on 10,6-19,6% higher than Kherson 99. The highest weight of 1000 seeds was formed when placing wheat in bare fallow and the difference between it and the worst option (flax oilseed- winter rape - winter wheat) was only 1,8 g. On the average, over four years of experimental research, the weight of 1000 seeds of the Ovid variety exceeded the Kherson 99 variety by 5,0 g, or 12,3%. The coefficient of reproduction of winter wheat varies in the range of 12,4-20,1 in the Kherson 99 variety and 14,4-22,5 in the Ovid variety. It depends both on the level of seed yield and on the investigated elements of technology. In both varieties in all years of research, the highest laboratory similarity of wheat seed was when placed directly on a bare fallow. She was the lowest in the crop rotation of flax oilseed – winter rape - winter wheat and green-manured fallow - winter rape - winter wheat. Discussins. The winter wheat of the Ovid variety has produced seed yield by 14,3% more than the Kherson 99 variety. In the wet 2015, the seed yield was 0,74-0,94 t/ha higher than in more dry years. Placing wheat directly on a bare fallow provided an increase in the seed yield of 0,49-0,93 t/ha compared to other predecessors. The correlation coefficient between the laboratory similarity and the weight of 1000 seeds is 0,91-0,94.
Authors and Affiliations
A. M. Kovalenko, Y. P. Kiriyak
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP419399
- DOI 10.31548/dopovidi2018.05.021
- Views 86
- Downloads 0
WATER CONSUMPTION OF PLANTS OF THE WHITE MELILOT OF PIVDENNY DEPENDING ON THE APPLICATION OF PREPARATIONS TREFLAN 480 AND PULSAR 40 IN THE CONDITIONS OF SOUTH STEPPE OF UKRAINE
This article provides research materials indicating that the total water consumption of the white clover plants of the one-year-old Pivdenny variety depends mainly on precipitation. In such conditions, moisture was most...
THE EFFECT OF SEEDING RATES AND SOWING METHODS ON THE FORMATION OF CHICKPEA PLANT LEAVES AREA
The article presents the results of studies for 2016-2018 years about the effect of seeding rates and seeding methods on the chickpea plant leaf area formation. It was established that the studied technological factors i...
THE INFLUENCE OF HERMANIUM CITRATE ON THE INDICATORS OF QUALITY AND SAFETY OF NATURAL HONEY
The influence of Germanium citrate obtained by nanotechnology methods on the honey quality parameters depending on the given dose is investigated. The research was conducted on apiary in Alexandria, Kirovohrad region. Th...
DYNAMICS OF THE NOURISHING REGIME SOILS AT DIFFERENT SYSTEMS OF BASIC TREATMENT OF SOIL AND FERTILIZERS IN CROP ROTATION ON IRRIGATION
In the article are represented research results on the study of influencing of basic treatment of soil and fertilizers on the dynamics of the nourishing mode of soil. It was the purpose of researches to set influence of...
SUGAR BEET PRODUCTIVITY UNDER CONVENTIONAL AND ALTERNATIVE SYSTEM OF FERTILIZERS
The purpose of the research is learning an efficiency of conventional and alternative systems of fertilizers in increasing sugar beet productivity. In process of investigation it was used field and laboratory methods wit...