ЗНАЧЕННЯ ЕКСКУРСІЙ ДЛЯ ФОРМУВАННЯ ПРИРОДНИЧИХ УЯВЛЕНЬ І ПОНЯТЬ У ДІТЕЙ ІЗ ЗАТРИМКОЮ ПСИХІЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ
Journal Title: Science Review - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 3
Abstract
A child actively recognizes the world around him in direct contact with him. From the perception of objects and phenomena of the world begins knowledge. An important means of sensory development of the child is observation. During observing the natural environment the child in acquaints with the qualities of objects, their shape, size, color. That is why, due to the specially organized correctional work in a student with a delay in mental development, the ability to apply different types of perception (visual, auditory, tactile) for the study of objects and phenomena of nature are formed. In a special school, methods and techniques are used that not only provide the students with the necessary knowledge, but also help to correct their existing shortcomings in cognitive activity. Natural science material has great opportunities for developing the weakest aspects of cognitive activity of oligophrenic, namely: attention, observation, analysis and comparison of observed objects and phenomena, understanding of causal relationships. Lessons in nature are of great importance in developing the interest of students with a delay in mental development in educational subjects. A successful excursion leaves bright memories in memory of children, makes it possible to better understand the basic concepts of the course, become a source of new knowledge and has a powerful educational potential. Due to the excursion you can make corrections of the main mental processes of students with mental retardation. The article considers the peculiarities of the cognitive sphere of children with mental retardation during the formation of natural concepts and concepts, analyzes educational programs and the State standard of special education, determines the role and place of natural science in the education of children of elementary school age with intellectual disabilities, and discloses the role and place of educational excursions for correcting the basic thinking processes of students in the process of formation of natural representations and concepts in the elementary classes of special schools.
Authors and Affiliations
О. О. Нікітіна
Keywords
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