Journal Title: BIBLOS: Revista do Instituto de Ciencias Humanas & da Informacao - Year 2007, Vol 20, Issue 1
Abstract
This work tried to find archaeological evidences which would lead us to the Jesus, Maria, José military fort, Portuguese colonization’s beginning symbol in Rio Grande do Sul state. In the months of July of 2002, January, February and November of 2003, LEPAN’s research team made four experimental excavations resulting in the register of a certain amount of archaeological material and the evidence of four stratigraphical layers representing, the last one, the 20th century, the following two layers representing the 19th and the first from the 18th century. One of the experimental digs’ base disclosed a stone structure with, more or less, 1,0m (3.28 feet), formed by rolled peebles and rock shards, of irregular shapes, with 10cm (3.93 inches, approximately), in average, each one. We’ve directed the archaeological excavations then in order to verify its form and dimensions. The structure were a palisade almost circular with 8,60 x 8,80m (28.21 ft x 28.87 ft) internally, which protected, inside, a water well with 3,00 x 2,60m (9.84 ft x 8.53 ft). According to historical data, this was the first water well that supplied the city and the occupants of Fort Jesus, Maria, José, in the outskirts. The square was before called Praça do Poço. We also made archaeological excavations in the corner parking located between Fernando Duprat and República do LÃbano streets and, also, a near terrain at this last street. The total area excavated is around 300m² (3229.17 square feet, approx.) and 1,20m (3.93 ft) deep. Collected material: bones (animal remains, buttons, tooth brush); metal (18th to 20th century coins from Brazil and also from United States and Holland; spherical projectiles, keys, bayonet, fetter); stone (gunflints, rocks used in structures); pottery (Neobrasileira, colonial, glassed colonial); china (Portuguese and English faience, salt glazed, biscuit [Dutch pipes]); glass (bottle shards, medicine and perfumery recipients). The material collected to LEPAN was cleaned, registered-catalogued, restored, classified, analyzed and deposited in archive boxes. We haven’t achieved the major goal, the confirmation of Fort Jesus, Maria, José’s location.
Authors and Affiliations
Pedro Augusto Mentz Ribeiro| Universidade do Porto, Portuga, Marlon Borges Pestana| FURG
Keywords
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