Accuracy of rapid influenza diagnostic test and immunofluorescence assay compared to real time RT-PCR in children with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 infection
Journal Title: Advances in Hygiene and Experimental Medicine - Year 2012, Vol 66, Issue 0
Abstract
Introduction: The influenza burden among children is underestimated. The aim of our study was to estimate the accuracy of the rapid influenza detection test (RIDT) BD Directigen™ EZ Flu A+B® and direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA) used among children with influenza-like illness (ILI) consulted in the ambulatory care clinic. Material/Methods: A total of 150 patients were enrolled in the study. Inclusion criteria were: age less than 59 months, presentation of ILI according to the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) definition (fever >37.8°C, cough and/or sore throat in the absence of another known cause of illness), duration of symptoms shorter than 96 hours. Two nasal swabs and one pharyngeal swab were obtained from patients and tested by RIDT, DFA and real time RT-PCR as the reference method. Results: For influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 virus sensitivity of RIDT was 62.2% (95% CI 46.5–76.2%), specificity 97.1% (95% CI 91.8–99.4%), PPV 90.3% (95% CI 74.3–98%), NPV 85.7% (95% CI 78.1–91.5%), for DFA sensitivity was 60% (95% CI 51.9–63.2%), specificity 96% (95% CI 88.7–98.8%), PPV 93.1% (95% CI 80.5–98%), NPV 72.7% (95% CI 67.2–74.9%). Analysis of logistic regression revealed that the chance of receiving a true positive result of RIDT was twice as high when the test was conducted during the first 48 hours of symptoms (OR 0.40 vs OR 0.22). Conclusions: The accuracy of RIDT is comparable with DFA and both methods are very specific but moderately sensitive in diagnosis of influenza in young children. Both methods may be recommended for screening for influenza among children.
Authors and Affiliations
Aneta Nitsch-Osuch, Agnieszka Woźniak-Kosek, Lidia Brydak
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP66789
- DOI -
- Views 151
- Downloads 0
Botulinum toxin in medicine and cosmetology – two hundred years’ history and new perspectives
It has been nearly 200 years since the discovery of the botulinum toxin and the strain responsible for its synthesis Clostridium botulinum. Over this period, the knowledge about botulism and the use of botulinum toxin in...
Genetyka zespołów otępiennych. Część 4: spektrum mutacji odpowiedzialnych za rozwój rodzinnej autosomalnie dominującej postaci choroby Alzheimera
Już 50 lat temu zaobserwowano, że choroba Alzheimera (AD) dziedziczy się w niektórych rodzinach w sposób autosomalny dominujący według praw Mendla. Przypadki AD o wczesnym początku uwarunkowane rodzinnie (familial Alzhei...
Immunology of the eye
The eye is an organ of sight characterized by unusual immunological properties, resulting from its anatomical structure and physiology, as well as the presence of specific elements that, through the mechanisms of innate...
Morphogenesis, structure and properties of lymphatic vessels
In this paper, we present literature results related to structure and various manners of lymphatic vessel formation during embryonic development and in pathological events, such as tumorigenesis, wound healing, and other...
Expression of PIM-2 and NF-κB genes is increased in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and is associated with complete remission rate and overall survival
Introduction: PIM-2 is a proto-oncogene that encodes for a serine/threonine kinase that interacts with various signaling molecules. PIM-2 is highly expressed in neoplastic tissues and in leukemic and lymphoma cell lines,...