АКТУАЛЬНІ ПРОБЛЕМИ ПРИКЛАДНОЇ ЛЕКСИКОГРАФІЇ: СПЕЦИФІКА УКЛАДАННЯ ДРУКОВАНИХ ТЕРМІНОЛОГІЧНИХ СЛОВНИКІВ ВУЗЬКОЇ СПЕЦІАЛІЗАЦІЇ (ГАЛУЗЬ АВІАЦІЙНОГО ДВИГУНОБУДУВАННЯ)
Journal Title: Гуманітарний часопис - Year 2016, Vol 1, Issue 3
Abstract
Ryzhkova Victoriia, Velychko Ann TOPICAL ISSUES OF APPLIED LEXICOGRAPHY: SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF COMPILING PRINTED FIELD-SPECIFIC DICTIONARIES OF TECHNICAL TERMS (AVIATION ENGINE-BUILDING) The paper concerns specific aspects of compiling printed field-specific dictionaries of technical terms and also discloses a process of making such a dictionary. According to the task set, the authors have considered modern lexicography trends, the classification and the general structure of dictionaries, in particular dictionaries of technical terms, and specific aspects of compiling dictionaries of technical terms. The authors have also compiled a printed field-specific dictionary of technical terms on aviation engine-building, which is also a multilingual, definition-and-translation, illustrated dictionary. Dictionary classification is an important issue of lexicography. Thus, according to different criteria, there are linguistic and encyclopaedic, monolingual, bilingual and multilingual, alphabetic and ideographic, definition, frequency dictionaries etc. Any dictionary traditionally comprises three sections: an introductory section, a dictionary body, and various appendixes. It is common practice to use the same entry structure for different dictionaries for the users’ convenience, the entry comprising a headword, a meaning of the word, labels, and examples of usage. A dictionary of technical terms is a specialised glossary comprising a term system of a certain field of science, industry, or art. The dictionary compiled by the authors according to the task set covers 755 lexical units on aviation engine-building and relates to definition-and-translation dictionaries of technical terms. Since the dictionary compiled is a field-specific one and its size is not big, it comprises the following structural elements: 1) Preface, 2) Guidelines for using the dictionary, 3) English alphabet, 4) Dictionary body, 5) Bibliography. The dictionary body is organized in a precisely alphabetical order. An alphabetical index is aligned according to the center and typed bold in order to optimize the process of the word search. The dictionary body includes both simple and compound terms, as well as abbreviations. All the selected terms directly relate to the field of aviation enginebuilding and denote various parts, devices or equipment, processes etc. Each entry comprises the following elements: 1) a headword; 2) a transcription; 3) Ukrainian and Russian translations; 4) an illustration; 5) an English definition; 6) a definition source; 7) an example of usage; 8) an example source. The elements 1 – 4 correspond to a left part of an entry, and the elements 5 – 8 correspond to a right part of an entry. A headword is typed bold in lower case. The type face of definition and example sources are smaller than the rest of the text. Such a text markup promotes more effective information perception and simplifies the process of the term search. The term transcription follows the headword and is typed in International Phonetic Alphabet characters. Ukrainian and Russian term translations follow the transcription and aim to make it easier for a user to translate technical texts in the aviation field. An illustration promotes more thorough understanding of the term making it more explicit. A definition briefly discloses the meaning of the term. A reference to the definition source allows a user to find more information related to a certain term. An example of term usage illustrates a possible place of a lexical unit in a sentence and provides information about an object denoted by the term. A reference to the example source allows a user to find more information about this object. Therefore, «The Dictionary of Technical Terms on Aviation Engine-Building» makes it much easier for a user to translate technical texts in the aviation field, regardless of his experience and tasks set. The research results can be used in translating technical texts in the aviation field, as well as in self-education.
Authors and Affiliations
Вікторія Рижкова, Анна Величко
Keywords
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