Basic principles of gastrointestinal tract decontamination during acute poisoning
Journal Title: Postępy Nauk Medycznych - Year 2010, Vol 23, Issue 9
Abstract
Decontamination plays a very important role in the treatment of acute poisoning. Vomiting, gastric lavage, administration of a suspension of activated charcoal or laxatives is to reduce the absorbed dose of poison, weakness, symptoms of poisoning and reduce the risk of death.In the present study which was based on data from the literature and our own experience, a critical evaluation of all available clinical methods of elimination of xenobiotics taken by mouth are discussed. Description of each method includes its characteristics, indications and contraindications for use and the pros and cons, and reduce the use in clinical practice.Research has shown that the importance of all the work described in the procedures is limited. Doctors should not use them routinely in all acute oral poisoning. Always need to take into account the possible contra-indications. In any case, physician must consider whether the benefits of the implementation of decontamination treatments outweigh the risk of possible complications.In 1993 it was decided the need for scientific evaluation of the usefulness of gastrointestinal decontamination in acute poisonings and set up an expert team of the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology, AACT and the European Association of Centers and Clinical Toxicologists, EAPCCT, which is based on a critical analysis of literature has developed and published the so-called. position, or position statements. Unfortunately, these positions can not be regarded as guidelines or standards of conduct by requiring a doctor uniform procedure in every case of poisoning, but their conclusions summarize the current state of knowledge on methods of decontamination of the digestive tract and to assist in making therapeutic decisions.
Authors and Affiliations
Magdalena Łukasik-Głębocka, Maciej Naskręt, Jacek Górny, Krystyn Sosada, Jerzy Ładny, Marzena Wojewódzka-Żelezniakowicz, Sławomir Czaban
Keywords
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