Біохімічні показники крові у хворих на цукровий діабет І типу в умовах промислового регіону
Journal Title: Питання біоіндикації та екології - Year 2016, Vol 21, Issue 1
Abstract
Zaporizhzhya region is one of the most laden Ukrainian regions by industrial potential. Air and water pollution and accumulation of significant amounts of steel plants waste are the most urgent problems today. In such circumstances, people are constantly exposed to adverse factors that lead to changes in function of virtually all organ systems including endocrine glands which work is aimed at adaptation to environmental conditions. In case, when the environmental quality is not favourable and very different from optimal conditions the human body is forced to compensate the negative impact of the environment due to its adaptive capacity. If endogenous adaptive capacity of the body is low, that may be caused by genetic characteristics, a person can be sick more often, age faster and die earlier. This factor is one of the most important in the problem of increasing incidence of diabetes in the Zaporizhzhya region. The aim was to study the state biochemical parameters in blood in patients with type 1 diabetes, who live in the city of Zaporizhzhya, depending on the duration of the disease. We investigated the blood of 100 patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 who were treated at the clinic of endocrinology in the city of Zaporizhzhya. Patients were divided into 5 groups of 20 people: (first) I group – patients with newly diagnosed diabetes; (second group) II – patients with the disease for a period of 5 years; (third) III group – 10 years; (fourth) IV group – 15 years; (fifth) V group – 20 years. In the blood we determined glycated hemoglobin, urea, creatinine, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), lipidohram indicators and liver samples by conventional methods. Statistical analysis of the results was carried out using the application package SPSS (version 22) in the operating system Windows XP. Research has shown that the amount of glycated hemoglobin in all groups was higher than the physiological norm. The level of urea significantly increased in the normal range by 31 and 42%, under 15 and 20 years of the disease, compared with patients of group 1. The content of creatinine in 15 and 20 years has exceeded the upper limit indicator of physiological norms and amounted respectively 125,35 and 136,75 mmol / l. GFR in all groups of patients was lower than normal and significantly decreased in 20 years to 67,95 ± 5,57 ml / min. Total cholesterol (p> 0.05), LDL (p> 0,05) and atherogenic ratio (p <0,05) and the triglycerides number was increased (p> 0,05) and HDL (p <0,01) changed to lowering after 10 years from the beginning of the disease. Subsequently, cholesterol, LDL and atherogenic ratio increased again, and the amount of triglycerides and HDL cholesterol decreased. Number of total bilirubin and conjugated bilirubin unchanged essentially in five years from the beginning of the disease. The indicator of thymol test in all groups was within normal limits. But ten years later it was reduced to 1.8 U, and subsequently increased again. AST and ALT activity at the beginning of the disease respectively was 0,51 ± 0,067 and 0,64 ± 0,14 mmol / (mL • h). Subsequently, their activity gradually decreased and in 20 years respectively reached 0,34 ± 0,033 (p <0,05), and 0,27 ± 0,037 mmol / (g • ml) (p <0,01). The calculation of univariate analysis of variance showed the presence of influence of the disease duration of diabetes type 1 on the direction and degree of change in the content of creatinine (p = 0,024), urea (p = 0.018), eGFR (p = 0,002) and ALT activity (p = 0,027). Thus, almost all examined indicators of lipid metabolism, glyced hemoglobin and the number of total and conjugated bilirubin indicators and thymol test on average are not different in groups with different term illness in patients with diabetes type 1 in Zaporizhzhya region. During 20 years, the content of creatinine and urea significantly increases, but the renal function and activity of ALT reduces. Исследованы биохимические показатели крови у больных с впервые выявленным сахарным диабетом 1 типа и с длительностью заболевания 5, 10, 15 и 20 лет. Исследование проводилось на базе Запорожского областного эндокринологического диспансера г. Запорожья. У больных СД 1-го типа Запорожского региона изученные показатели липидного обмена, количество гликированого гемоглобина и показатели печеночных проб, за исключением АлАТ, в среднем не отличаются в группах с различным сроком заболевания. В течение 20 лет содержание креатинина и мочевины достоверно возрастает, а функциональное состояние почек и активность АлАТ снижается.
Authors and Affiliations
Н. В. Новосад, С. А. Москаленко*, І. В. Мінакова *, Є. О. Сєлєзньова, Д. С. Таран N. V. Novosad, S. A. Moskalenko*, I. V. Minakova*, Y. O. Sielieznova, D. S. Taran
Keywords
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