Clinical Profile and Outcomes of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: An Institutional Experience from South India
Journal Title: Indian Journal of Cancer Education and Research - Year 2019, Vol 7, Issue 2
Abstract
Background: Acute myeloid leukemia is a heterogenous clonal disorder of hematopoietic progenitor cells with different molecular genetic abnormalities, clinical characteristics and variable outcomes with currently available treatment. Aim of the study is to analyse the clinical profile & outcomes of AML, an institutional experience where BMT facility is not available. Aims: Clinical profile and outcomes of Acute myeloid leukemia is evaluated. Material and Methods: Retrospective chart review of 51 patients diagnosed of AML with clinical and therapeutic data analysed. Results: 51 patients were analysed (males 30, females 21) with a male predominance. 90% (46/51) of patients were in the age group of <60 yrs & nearly 40% (20/51) were 15–30 yrs which is significant. M2 was the most common FAB subtype with 23/51 (45%) cases and most common presentation is fever. The observed average baseline parameters were: Hb of 6–8 gr% with 30% showed <6 gr%,TLC >15,000 in 90% of cases which confer poor outcomes (60% cases – >50,000 and 30% – >1 lakh). The average platelet count was 20,000–40,000 (25% cases – <20,000). Most patients had a baseline blasts% of >70. The average number of transfusions required during induction were in the range of (PRBCs-4–6, RDPs-20–30, SDPs-2–4 & overall 25–35). Among 51 patients, approxly 75% (38/51) were treated with intensive chemotherapy and 13 were on BSC. Remission rate was found to be 42% (16/38) in patients who received induction chemotherapy while >95% of them relapsed. As most of the patients were not on follow up or died, no follow up data was found to calculate the survivals. Conclusions: AML is an aggressive malignancy with poor outcomes and high relapse rates, especially without BMT. Supportive care constitutes a major component of management. As most of the patients were presenting very late and in poor PS (bad parameters at baseline) early aggressive treatment with strong supportive care improve the cure rates and survival.
Authors and Affiliations
Venkatesh Mushini
Keywords
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- EP ID EP668617
- DOI 10.21088/ijcer.2321.9815.7219.7
- Views 95
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