Correlation between lipid profile and other risk factors with severity of diabetic retinopathy
Journal Title: Medpulse International Journal of Ophthalmology - Year 2019, Vol 9, Issue 2
Abstract
Context: Diabetic Retinopathy is a major cause of irreversible blindness throughout the world, affecting 21.7% of Indians with Type 2 diabetes and aged more than 40.Whether lipid profile is associated with the development and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) is not very clear. There are some studies that have been able to show such an association, while some have not been able to do so.Aims: 1. To study the association between serum lipid levels and severity of diabetic retinopathy2. To study the association between selected socio-demographic, clinical and comorbid parameters and diabetic retinopathySettings and design: Descriptive hospital based case seriesMaterials and Methods: 100 consecutive diabetic retinopathy patients attending ophthalmology OPD during this period were included in the study after taking informed consent. Patient details such as age, sex, body mass index (BMI), waist: hip ratio (WHR), blood pressure, addictions, duration of diabetes, details of diabetes medication, and other comorbid conditions were entered in a pre-tested proforma. The diabetic retinopathy was assessed classified according to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study grading system. All the study participants were tested for Fasting Blood Sugar levels (FBSL), Post Prandial Blood Sugar Levels (PPBSL), HBA1C, Lipid profile comprising Serum Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), High Density (HDL) and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL).Statistical Analysis: using SPSS software version 22. Descriptive analysis using frequencies and percentages. Chi-square test, Unpaired t test and One way ANOVA test.Results:Serum cholesterol (P = 0.000), serum triglycerides (P = 0.001) and LDL cholesterol (P = 0.000) had positive correlation with severity of DR, HDL had a negative correlation with DR (P=0.000). BMI (P =0.014), WHR (P=0.025), FBSL (P=0.009) and PPBSL (P=0.000) had a statistically significant correlation with DR. HBA1C, Blood Pressure were not significantly associated with severity of DR. Increasing age (P=0.45), hypertension (P=0.10), and smoking (P=0.83) was not significantly associated with DR severity. Conclusion: There is a significant association between higher serum lipid levels and severity of Diabetic Retinopathy; and a lower level of serum lipids may be protective against diabetic retinopathy, maculopathy and loss of vision.
Authors and Affiliations
Tanvi Poy Raiturcar, Shreya Lotliker, Jagadish A. Cacodcar, Preksha Vernekar
Keywords
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