DRUG DELIVERY BY VIRUS LIKE PARTICLES
Journal Title: Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - Year 2011, Vol 1, Issue 5
Abstract
The drug delivery system described here is based on a virus like particle consisting of the recombinant expressed major capsid protein of Polyomavirus, VP1. Polyoma, a murine virus belonging to the Papovaviridae, forms a non-enveloped icosahedral capsid. These capsids are organized as a double shell composed of three different proteins: VP1, VP2 and VP3. The outer shell of the virus is composed of 360 VP1 molecules arranged as 72 pentamers. These capsids have a diameter of about 50 nm. The VP1 protein acts as a major ligand for certain membrane receptors during virus infection. VLPs have demonstrated their potential in transfecting mammalian cells. In the case of cell transfection, the VLPs are bound to sialic acid residues which are present on almost all cells of higher eukaryotes. To achieve a cell type specific targeting of this potential useful vector system, new functional domains have been established on the surface of VP1. Virus like particles displays an excellent system for drug delivery in vitro and In-vivo. The diameter of the capsid amounts to approximately 50 nm and whereas the diameter of the pentamers adds up to 8.5 nm. Beyer et. al. described the great potential of VP1 capsids as heterologous drug carriers, especially for the delivery of foreign protein antigens. VLPs were well suited for evoking a protective immune response on several routs of vaccine administration. Both, humoral and cellmediated immunity was observed. The prominent advantage of these drug delivery devices was presented by the capacity to target antigenic proteins or DNA vaccines to immature dendritic cells along their maturation pathway. VP1-VLPs are shown to be a useful tool to incorporate not only DNA but also small biological molecules and to improve the specifical delivery of these molecules to their target cells.
Authors and Affiliations
Mohammed Shadul, Subal Debnath, Santhosh Kumar C, Arghya Acharjee, Saurav Nandi
Keywords
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