Efficacy of Synovial Fluid Analysis in Diagnosing Various Types of Arthritis, with Special Reference to Percutaneous Synovial Biopsy as a Diagnostic Tool
Journal Title: International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research - Year 2017, Vol 4, Issue 8
Abstract
Introduction: Arthritis, a common clinical occurrence of joints, is a very prevalent chronic disease in India and various parts of the world. It is estimated to affect 1% of world’s adult population.Biopsies of Synovial fluid are being done as an adjuvant technique to assist in the diagnosis of arthritis.It offers a non invasive method to diagnose any condition of the joint like traumatic, inflammatory or non-inflammatory. The aim of present study is to estimate the efficacy of percutaneous synovial membrane biopsy in diagnosing of various types of arthritis with synovial biopsy as a diagnostic tool. Material and methods: Percutaneous synovial biopsy along with synovial fluid analysis was studied in 50 enrolled cases of arthritis. The fluid was subjected to physical, biochemical and cytological analysis. Results: In this study, total of 50 cases were studied. Knee joint was the most commonly involved. It was seen in 65.8% of the cases. In this study males were predominant; the male to female ratio was 2.3:1. The mean age of males were 54.2+/-1.8 years and females were 54.7+/-1.5 years.There were 14 cases (28%) of rhaimatoid arthritis, 13 cases of tubercular arthritis. There were 20% cases (n=10) which constituted non specific synovitis.Clinicopathological correlation was seen in 34 out of 50 cases. As a diagnositic tool, synovial fluid biopsy offers a sensitivity of 85%, 100% specificity with positive predictive value of 100% and negative predictive value of 62%. Conclusion: Biopsy of synovial membrane helps in establishing the exact aetiology of arthritis. It is a useful adjunct for establishing diagnosis and hence can prevent indiscriminate use of NSAIDS. Levels of Rheumatoid factor and C-reactive protein can be accurately estimated. In our study Synovial fluid biopsy showed a sensitivity of 85%.
Authors and Affiliations
Susheel Kumar Pathak, Meeta Agnihotri
Keywords
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