Mitochondrial Genome (mtDNA) and Human Diseases
Journal Title: Science Insights - Year 2021, Vol 38, Issue 4
Abstract
Mitochondria not only provide necessary energy for cells, but more importantly, they participate in the regulation of various biological functions and activities of cells. As one of the critical components of the body’s genome, mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) is the key to cell bioenergetics and genetics. However, since no protection of histones and a complete self-repair system, mtDNA is extremely prone to mutate. Human diseases caused by mtDNA mutations are only transmitted through the maternal line. The same phenotype can come from multiple mtDNA mutations, and the same mtDNA mutation can lead to multiple phenotypes. This is the major reason that makes the diagnosis and identification of mtDNA genetic diseases difficult. Meanwhile, mtDNA mutations may be the culprit involved in mediating the aging and tumorigenesis. Currently, no effective therapeutics for diseases caused by mtDNA mutations, but with the deepening of research and technological advancement, it is promising that breakthroughs in the diagnosis and treatment of mitochondrial-related diseases in the near future.
Authors and Affiliations
Ronnie L. Davidson
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP696836
- DOI 10.15354/si.21.re201
- Views 161
- Downloads 0
The Role of Hydrogeological Investigation in Geotechnical Engineering
Geotechnical engineering investigation should be carried out with the perspective purpose of understanding the knowledge of the ground conditions through fundamental planning and construction of infrastructural objects l...
Metabolites from the Gut Microbiota and the Role in the Gut-Brain Axis
The gut microbiota is highly capable of biotransformation, exposing the host to a wide variety of physiologically active compounds. These metabolites participate in signaling between the gastrointestinal tract and the ce...
Education Challenges and Coping Mechanisms for Artificial Intelligence in Primary and Secondary Schools
The application of artificial intelligence (AI) education at the primary and secondary levels has far-reaching implications for the universalization of AI education, the cultivation of AI talent for national growth, and...
Mitochondrial Genome (mtDNA) and Human Diseases
Mitochondria not only provide necessary energy for cells, but more importantly, they participate in the regulation of various biological functions and activities of cells. As one of the critical components of the body’s...
The Relationship between Virtual Reality Technology and Anxiety State of Parturient Women with Labor Pain
Background: Labor pain is severe physical pain experienced by the parturient. More than 90% of mothers are accompanied by tension-anxiety-pain syndrome during childbirth. Virtual Reality (VR) technology has been widely u...