Pattern of causes of traumatic brain injury in children in a tertiary care center
Journal Title: Medpulse International Journal of Pediatrics - Year 2018, Vol 5, Issue 1
Abstract
Aim: The epidemiology of head injuries varies in different parts of the world. Studies done all over suggest, falls as the most common whereas some have reported road traffic accidents (RTA) as the most common. The aim of our study is to determine the patterns of pediatric head injury in our institute. Methods: We conducted a cross sectional observational study of all children admitted with head injury below the age of 15, over a period of 2 years. Data was collected in predesigned proforma which included the demographic characteristics, etiology, need for surgery and outcome. Neuroimaging was done in all the cases at admission as it is a protocol in our center and repeated when indicated. Results: A total of 226 patients with head injury were admitted during the study period. Among them 136 (60.2%) were males, 90 (39.8%) females. In our study cause of head injury, fall from height was 156 (69%), road traffic accident was 70(31%). Age wise sub group analysis showed, fall as predominant cause of head injury in all age groups. RTA showed an incremental upward trend (39% in 5-15 yrs. vs 19.4% in <5yrs). 132 cases had abnormal neuroimaging, 87 was in fall vs 45 in RTA group. No significant difference in outcome between the groups. Conclusions: Pediatric Head injury is a cause of increasing concern especially in our country. The leading cause of admissions was fall from height which accounted for 69% and also a major cause of mortality. This was especially noted in children <5yrs age. Enhancing child safety in and around child’s environment is vital in preventing accidental falls from height in the younger age group. Preventing accidental falls from height can be reduced by improving awareness of child safety measures among the parents and guardians.
Authors and Affiliations
Jyotirmanju C S, Shruti Patil, Karunakara B P
Keywords
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