Periodontitis in relation to selected parameters of cardiovascular system in the group of patients with acute myocardial infarction
Journal Title: Journal of Stomatology (Czasopismo Stomatologiczne) - Year 2012, Vol 65, Issue 5
Abstract
Background. Periodontal diseases, which are the cause of chronic inflammatory processes, can predispose to increased susceptibility to vascular illnesses based on atherosclerosis. The advancement of periodontitis can significantly influence inflammatory reactivity of the organism and progress of atherosclerosis, in consequence causing acute myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke. The aim of this study was to examine influence of periodontitis on the selected cardiovascular system parameters and a correlation between selected clinical parameters of periodontitis and cardiovascular system parameters. Methods. Case group consisted of 112 patients (below 60 yrs of age) hospitalized due to acute myocardial infraction and diagnosed on the basis of ECG, with acute ST elevation MI (STEMI) and acute non-ST-elevation MI (NSTEMI). Clinical tests (conducted within the second day of hospitalization) included: clinical examination and laboratory tests such as: lipid profile, C-reactive proteins (CRP), fibrinogen, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor – alfa (TNF-α), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). Periodontal examination included: approximal plaque index (API), clinical attachment level (CAL), pocket depth (PD), bleeding index (BI), tooth mobility and the number of teeth. Intima media thickness (IMT) value and the number of atherosclerotic plaques in carotid arteries were assessed by ultrasound test. Results. Numerous risk factors along with coexisting periodontitis in the group of patients with acute MI can elevate pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic reactivity of the organism and the risk of arteriosclerosis, in consequence provoking acute MI or stroke. Among the patients with severe periodontitis, an increased level of fibrinogen, IL-6, TNF-α, atherosclerotic changes (increased IMT and numerous atherosclerotic plaques) prevailed. Conclusion. Periodontitis can constitute an independent risk factor in cardiovascular diseases.
Authors and Affiliations
Monika Włosowicz, Beata Wożakowska-Kapłon, Renata Górska
Keywords
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