Ra-223 Alpha Treatment in Prostate Cancer
Journal Title: Nükleer Tıp Seminerleri - Year 2018, Vol 4, Issue 3
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most frequent malignant disease in men. Several therapeutic agents have been approved during the last decade. In this group of patients, serum testosterone levels are initially suppressed by anti-hormonal treatments for disease control. However, almost all patients eventually acquire resistance to anti-hormonal treatments, ending up with metastases. Radium-223 (Ra-223) (Xofigo®) is the first alpha-emitting radiopharmaceutical approved for the treatment of patients with metastatic castration-resistance prostate cancer (mCRPC) with bone metastases. Radium-223 dichloride is a calcium-mimetic agent that specifically targets bone lesions. The radiobiological effects of Ra-223 are mainly based on the direct damage to tumor-cell DNA via alpha particles. Thanks to their high linear energy transfer and a very short range, alpha particles produce a dense ionization around the disintegration site. The high linear energy transfer leads to cytotoxic effects that are independent of the oxygen concentration. Ra-223 has been demonstrated to prolong overall survival as well as to provide palliative pain relief and improved quality of life in patients with mCRPC with bone metastases in several studies, particularly in the phase III ALSYMPCA trial. This review focuses on the mechanisms and effectiveness of Ra-223 treatment, with emphasis on the contribution of current studies to our understanding and clinical practice.
Authors and Affiliations
Nalan Alan Selçuk, Faruk Yencilek
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP421375
- DOI 10.4274/nts.2018.027
- Views 128
- Downloads 0
Late Effects of Radiation from Conception to Adolescence: Risk in Intrauterine Irradiation, Hereditary Effects, Solid Tumours
Ionizing radiation causes excitation or ionization of atoms or molecules in biological tissues. Depending on the dose of radiation being exposed and the changing biochemical processes, damage can occur within minutes or...
Hospital Preparation in the Radiological/Nuclear Urgents and Organization of the Emergency Response Team
Radioactive materials have become an integral part of today’s society. When used consciously and under control, many areas especially in energy, industry and health, benefit from radiation due to its unique properties. A...
The Role of Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Imaging in Mesothelioma
Mesothelioma is a highly aggressive neoplasm originating from mesothelial cells in serosal surfaces and mostly (90%) from pleura. Exposure to asbestos and erionite fibers plays an important role in pleural mesothelioma e...
Natural and Artificial Radiation Sources and Personal Dose Additives
Radiation is defined as the energy in motion. Since the creation of the universe, all living creatures and humans are exposed to radiation in more or less levels. There is radioactivity naturally in the air, in the foods...
Gazi Medical Faculty Nuclear Medicine Department’s Experiences for Usage of PET/MRI Between December 2015-February 2017: Clinical Examples of First 1000 Cases
During December 2015 and February 2017, 1243 PET/MR images had been taken in Gazi Medical Faculty Nuclear Medicine Department. From those; 306 of them were whole body imaging and 937 of them were regional imaging. Most c...