Role of HbA₁C and OGTT in diagnosing diabetes mellitus
Journal Title: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CURRENT RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES - Year 2016, Vol 2, Issue 12
Abstract
Aims and objectives: This study was done to ascertain the usefulness of HbA₁C as both screening and diagnostic test. Background: India has become an epicentre of diabetes in the world with an estimated number more than 69.1 millions by the end of 2015.Traditional screening and diagnosing of diabetes in a large population is done by WHO criteria with fasting and postprandial plasma glucose. Recently ADA has included HbA1c as one of the criterion to diagnose DM.Hb1Ac is a haemoglobin variant not affected by time, meals, can be done in a single test, convenient to the patient .HbA1c not only acts as a better diagnostic tool to diagnose diabetes but can also screen large population. Material Methods: The cross sectional study was carried out from the period June2015-November 2016 of in Santhiram Medical College, Nandyal, Department of Biochemistry, Andhra Pradesh, India. 300 patients are selected out of which 60 were previously diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus were included in the study. Their ages ranged between 43 and 79 years. Thirty matched normal individuals were taken as control group. Glucose levels of OGTT(Oral Glucose Tolerance Test ) and HbA₁C were analysed in 240 patients .HbA₁C estimated in ion exchange chromatography. Glucose –GOD POD method estimated in a semi automated analyser.Results: Of the 240 patients on whom OGTT was performed 35 patients were diagnosed with DM, 95 patients with Pre DM, 110 had normal glucose metabolism. An HbA₁C > 6.5% detected diabetes with 71.43% sensitivity and 86.6% specificity compared with OGTT. The total prevalence of DM and Pre DM is 60% based on HbA₁C and 54% based on OGTT. Conclusion: HbA1c is a more sensitive screening test than OGTT, but lacks specificity. OGTT is more specific. HbA1c remains the gold standard in assessment of glycemic control with availability of standardized methods. So HBA1c is not only marker for monitoring DM but also predictor of prediabetes mellitus.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. P. Srirekha¹* , Dr. HavilahPolur², Dr. K. Durga Prasad³
Keywords
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