STUDY OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PERSONALITY OF THE OFFENDERAS AS FUNDAMENTAL FORM OF EMPLOYEE ACTIVITY LAW-ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES
Journal Title: Вісник Запорізького національного університету. Юридичні науки - Year 2018, Vol 3, Issue
Abstract
The article substantiates the combination of legal and psychological sciences. The necessity of knowledge of law enforcement bodies by special knowledge in the field of legal psychology, its importance in the conduct of pre-trial investigation and further judicial review is analyzed. The stages of studying the psychological characteristics of the personality of the offender, in particular, during the process of forming testimony during the interrogation of the offender and other participants in the criminal proceedings, were investigated. It is emphasized on the importance of studying problems related to the laws of the psyche in the field of law. In drawing up a portrait of the suspect is extremely important clarification of the mental processes that form the unlawful conduct, distorted perception and interpretation of certain facts and circumstances, cause-effect relationships between individual qualities and their manifestation in certain circumstances. Interrogation can be considered a specific form of psychological communication with the investigator, prosecutor or counsel. During which the following questions are examined: psychological process of formation of testimonies; the problem of the admissibility of psychological influence on the person being questioned; the nature of psychological contact with the interrogator as a prerequisite for obtaining evidence. Psychological processes of the person of the offender during the formation of testimonies can be divided into persistent formations of the psyche, which differ in time content, intensity. Traditionally, interrogation involves the following stages: 1) establishing psychological contact with the interrogator; 2) free report of the interrogator; 3) statement of questions to the interrogator; 4) acquainting the interviewee with the protocol and audio video interrogation. The article distinguishes the following stages of classification of the formation of testimony: 1) sensation; 2) perception; 3) use of the perceived in their further actions and experiences; 4) assessment of the perceived from the point of view of his own morality and justice; 5) memorization; 6) determining the interrogated plan for conducting a future interrogation; 7) establishing contact with the interrogator; 8) obtaining a mental task; 9) memories; 10) carrying out memories under the influence of the investigator; 11) change of previously accepted volitional decisions under the influence of the investigator; 12) playback. The timely attention of the law enforcement officer to insignificant, even at first glance, manifestations of psychic deviations from a person suspected of committing a crime is extremely important at the stage of identifying the circumstances to be proved in the criminal proceedings regarding: 1) the guilt of the accused in committing a criminal offense, 2) the form of guilt of the accused, 3) his motive and purpose of committing a criminal offense; 4) the type and extent of the damage caused by a criminal offense; 5) the circumstances characterizing the person of the accused; 6) circumstances that affect the degree of severity of a criminal offense committed; 7) circumstances that aggravate or mitigate the punishment; 8) circumstances that exclude criminal liability or are the grounds for the closure of criminal proceedings; 9) circumstances that justify the release of criminal liability or punishment. Therefore, considering legal psychology as a science engaged in the study of the formation of psychological activity of potential criminals, the analysis of the factors of committing offenses, the problem of proof in the criminal process, it should be considered a basic discipline in the preparation of future employees of the judicial and law enforcement agencies, their retraining and qualification development. It will help to form a highly professional staffing that gains professional skills, will form the necessary personal qualities, protect from the negative influence and from the deformation of the lawyer's awareness of the lawyer. After all, the successful conduct of investigative (search) actions is the key to a successful outcome in the fight against crime, which is one of the most important tasks of law enforcement agencies.
Authors and Affiliations
Р. В. Сінєльнік
Keywords
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