BACKGROUND TO INTRODUCING PHYSICAL CULTURE IN SCHOOL CURRICULUM IN GERMANY (18th – early 20th century)
Journal Title: Молодь і ринок - Year 2018, Vol 166, Issue 11
Abstract
The article presents the life and work of prominent German educators (J. Bazedow, F. Guts-Muts, H. Zaltsmann) who played a significant role in creating the prerequisites for introducing physical culture into school education. The author has described both: the theoretical foundations of their pedagogical systems, and their practical activity in educational institutions. Particular attention is paid to the activities of Philanthropinum as the first institution of secondary education with physical education as an obligatory element of the pedagogical system. J. Bazedow who was the author of the model of this institution introduced physical education as an integral part of education in ‘ideal’ school. J. Bazedow managed to implement his project, and in 1774 he opened a private academy, which he called “Philanthropinum” (from the Greek “philanthropy”). The institution created the opportunity to combine various forms of physical activity: physical exercises, games, military training, manual work and study tours. J. Bazedow left the post of the head of the academy, but this innovative pedagogical experiment played a very important role and aroused considerable interest. Though Bazedow himself broke all ties with the academy, other enthusiasts continued his work by reorganizing it into the Educational Institute, which worked until 1793. After three years of working at Philanthropinum in Dessau, H. G. Salzman opened an educational institution in the city of Schneppfenthal, which continues to function today. F. Guth-Muts worked as a teacher of this school for almost fifty years. His prominent role in the development of European concepts of physical education is connected with his continued consistent service to the introduction of physical culture and sports into school education. Of great importance to the theoretical substantiation of the concepts of physical education are the works that came out of his pen and gained popularity not only in Germany, but also throughout Europe and abroad.
Authors and Affiliations
Dariush Skalski
Keywords
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- EP ID EP646573
- DOI 10.24919/23084634.2018.151951
- Views 117
- Downloads 0
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