ИЕРАРХИЯ ПОТРЕБНОСТЕЙ А. МАСЛОУ НЕ СООТВЕСТВУЕТ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ПРИРОДЕ ЧЕЛОВЕКА
Journal Title: Гуманітарний часопис - Year 2015, Vol 1, Issue 2
Abstract
Sadikov G.N. HIERARCHY OF MASLOW NEEDS DOES NOT MATCH THE BIOLOGICAL NATURE OF MAN One of the major criticisms of the theory of needs is the lack of empirical studies, only the theoretical justification is clearly not enough for such a controversial subject studies how human needs. It is possible that if the results of empirical research, the pyramid of needs would have a different look and different content. With regard to the type, the spatial position of the pyramid as the geometrical figure indicates reduction in requirements and the number of people seeking to meet them as they approach the top of the pyramid. According to the А. Maslow's self-actualization, there is a small number of people who can reach the top of the pyramid. That is, not everyone can be in selfactualization or not all want to be in self-actualization, most are satisfied with the level of which is up to self-actualization. Instead of pointy pyramids can be geometric figure trapezoid vertex, where the lack of will to place the needs of alternative selfactualization. The purpose of this article to justify the discrepancy of a sequence of needs in the pyramid location as physiological needs and the need for security. At the base of the pyramid are physiological needs for food, water, sex and other biological needs, the need for security is located on the second level of the pyramid. If life is exposed to mortal danger and ends with a tragic outcome, the need for food, quenching thirst, need to sleep, not to mention the other, there is no need, as the person is "in a better world", where perhaps there are other needs. Even without the tragic end, returning from work in extreme fatigue, difficulty moving and at the rear of a vicious dog with distinctive aggressive intentions, stress built up in these circumstances to develop such an acceleration that will overcome all obstacles and major need in this situation is to keep the different parts of the body in integrity and inviolability. And only after the danger has disappeared, that is, a man in security, there may be physiological needs. If the part of the body was left in the teeth of the dog, the satisfaction for something physiological needs will also be absent, it will appear at a later date, depending on the size and weight of the lost parts of the body. In these examples of human behavior is justified by the instinct of self-preservation. Now, in the face of scientific and technological advances, man has created, creates and will create a new environment-techno sphere, one of the features of this sphere is the progressive increase in the number of threats (technological, socio-political, biomedical, environmental, etc.), in the changed circumstances of the instinct of self-preservation can be name-security instinct. In the course of evolution in humans do not have the protective mechanisms against the dangers posed by the scientific and technical process. An example is the penetrating radiation, effects which may cause death or significant deterioration of health. Effects of penetrating radiation are perceived at the level of consciousness, as there is no sensory perceptions of radiation and the perceived risk of the instinct of selfpreservation. This launch is the instinctive fear for their life and health. In terms of the increasing increase the pace of scientific and technological progress and the number of risks created by instinct security is likely to be synonymous with the instinct of selfpreservation. Justification may be that stop the scientific and technological progress can be and that tear modern society from the benefits of civilization is unreal. Security is of growing importance, popularity pyramid of Maslow, noted in the literature, sharing it with the pyramid of Cheops, and for an objective assessment of security should occupy an appropriate place in the pyramid. The instinct of self-preservation logistical is stress. When stress is changing the functioning of the organs and systems of the body, through the release of hormones into the blood, including adrenaline. Stress in humans can be compared with afterburner for engine operation at high engine speeds. These changes in the functioning of the organism are addressed primarily to the muscular system, as it ensures the survival instinct of self-preservation, to do this or to run or defend themselves. Improves muscle tone, is redistribution of blood flow: the blood from circulating internal organs to the muscles, bringing more oxygen and nutrients. A related increase in heart rate, increased blood pressure, increased respiratory rate. The entire complex changes in the functioning of the body under stress is survival and the continuation of the species, which is the basis for natural selection. All mentioned above is quite a persuasive rationale for revising a sequence of needs in the pyramid of Maslow's pyramid of needs is security, the second level of the pyramid are physiological needs for food, thirst and other needs.
Authors and Affiliations
Геннадій Садиков
Keywords
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