THEORETICAL BASIS OF CULTURAL VALUE ORIENTATIONS
Journal Title: Вісник Львівського університету. Серія психологічні науки - Year 2018, Vol 2, Issue
Abstract
Prevailing cultural value orientations represent ideals. As such, they promote coherence among the various aspects of culture. Aspects of culture that are incompatible with them are likely to generate tension and to elicit criticism and pressure to change. Cultures are not fully coherent, of course. Subgroups within societies espouse conflicting values. The dominant cultural orientation changes in response to shifting power relations among these subgroups. But change is slow [10]. Yet, cultural value orientations do change gradually. Societal adaptation to epidemics, technological advances, increasing wealth, contact with other cultures, wars, and other exogenous factors leads to changes in cultural value emphases. In order to measure cultural orientations as latent variables, we could analyze the themes of the popular children’s stories in a society, its proverbs, movies, literature, socialization practices, legal systems, or the ways economic exchange is organized. Such manifestations each describe a narrow aspect of the culture. Moreover, many are the product of particular subgroups within society, aimed at particular audiences, or negotiated among elites. When researchers try to identify culture by studying these types of manifestations, what they seek, implicitly or explicitly, are underlying value emphases. Hence, studying value emphases directly is an especially efficient way to capture and characterize cultures
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Оксана РИБАК
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