TISSUE-DEPENDENT ALTERATIONS OF AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC BIOMARKERS IN GRAYLING (THYMALLUS THYMALLUS LINCK) AFTER CHLORAMINE-T DISINFECTION
Journal Title: Słupskie Prace Biologiczne - Year 2017, Vol 1, Issue 14
Abstract
Chloramine-T, a widely used disinfectant for the treatment of gill diseases of fish in freshwater, can be toxic to fish (Powell, Harris 2004). Therefore, the aim of the current study was to examine the effects of disinfection by Chloramine-T on the gills, muscle, hepatic, and cardiac tissues of grayling (Thymallus thymallus Linck) using markers of aerobic and anaerobic capacity [alanine (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferases (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, lactate and pyruvate levels]. Twenty clinically healthy grayling were used in the experiments. In the disinfectant exposure, grayling (n=10) were exposed to Chloramine-T in final concentration 9 mg per L. Control group of grayling (n=10) were handled in the same way as Chloramine-T exposed groups. Fish were bathed for 20 min and repeated three times every 3 days. Two days after the last bathing fish were sampled. The present investigation demonstrates the alterations in biochemical enzyme activities (alanine and aspartate aminotransferases, lactate dehydrogenase) in the fish tissues under the disinfective procedure with Chloramine-T in dose 9 mg per L. The most alterations in enzymes’ activity and metabolites was observed in liver and may be due to its prime role in detoxification of the compound. In addition, increased aspartate aminotransferase activity in the hepatic tissue may result from mobilization of aspartate for glucose production through the gluconeogenesis pathway to provide excess energy required to cope with stress. Although, after disinfection, fishes showed decreased trends of aerobic responses towards the normal enzyme status in the gills and cardiac tissue indicating adaptive response against the Chloramine-T toxicity, while in muscle tissue, cumulative of lactate level indicated the increase of anaerobic metabolism after disinfection. Therefore, these biochemical parameters can be considered as indicators for assessment of disinfective effects, although further studies are required for investigating the mechanism involved in this pattern.
Authors and Affiliations
Halyna Tkachenko, Joanna Grunwaldzka
Keywords
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